Combined governor torque testing and spring calibrating and testing device



Dec. 5, 1939. HANDy ET'AL 2,182,519

COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING AND SPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTINGDEVICE Filed Oct. 1, 1936 10 Sheets-Sheet 1 JZ & 46 86 EL x @7 @Q;

z I o O 86 E t lo *1 1 v \V 3 @I 1 o i 85 b 7: O J 68 l 84 w 1, :69

GOVERNOR VALVE TORQUE V5 VALVE TRAVAE'L SPRING 70/ 005 S Q N Q k: a

aovsmvon VALVE AND 9 I0 20 JV V0 50 60 v GGVER/YUR VALVEfSPR/NG TRAVEL(DEGREES) i206 z 0 1. (071/ 6 mm BY 0726 Mag ATTORNEY.

, SPRING TORQUE V$- VALVE TR'RVEL"-"' 1939- R. G. HANDY ET AL 2,182,519

COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING AND SPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTINGDEVICE Fi'led Oct. 1, 1936 1O Sheets-Sheet 2 Q ma.

Dec. 5, 1939. R. G. HANDY ET AL COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING ANDSPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTING DEVICE Filed 001:. 1, 1936 10Sheets-Sheet 5 5a 3,2"; 69 9 7a 1; v

7 Lil. 63 4 V 7 Z0 l 35 f-' INVENTOR. 99 75 fioeri a. 7/

6 on 6. 66 W W, BY am a. 41%66? 96 i 6 ATTORNEY.

Dec. 5, 1939.

R. G. HANDY Err AL COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING AND SPRINGCALIBRATING AND TESTING DEVICE Filed 00 1, 1936 l0 Sheets-Sheet 4 IATTORNEY.

Dec. 5, 1939. HANDY AL 2,182,519

IJOMBINED eovnmqon- TORQUE TESTING" AND SPRING-CALIBRATING AND TESTINGDEVICE Filed Oct. 1, 1936' 1 WHHHmmlmuuuuw Dec. 5, 1939. R. G. HANEIJYET AL COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING AND SfRING bALIBRATING ANDTESTING DEVICE Filed Oct. 1, 1936 l0 sheets sheet 6 7/ frown;

Dec; 5, 1939.

a e. HANDY El AL 2, ,5 9

COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING AND SPRING CALIBRATING.AND TESTINGDEVICE Fi led Oct. 1, 1936 10 Shets-Sheet '7 1 'LI I Q, .i -1 1%? 30 a LJ ll l l i l I l 1 70 w 6f .69 69 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Dec. 5, 1939. R. G. HANDY El AL COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING ANDSPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTING DEVICE Filed Oct. 1, 1936 10 Sheets-Sheet8 INVENTOR. iivez 6 4 7/ 5 5 BY 0115 d. 4427166 N" f ATTQRNEY.

D. s, 1939. R. G. HANDY ET AL 2,182 519 COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTINGAND SPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTING DEVICE Filed Oct. 1, 1936 10Sheets-Sheet 9 a ATTORNEY.

Dec. 5, 1939. R. G. HANDY ET Al. 2,182,519

COMBINED GOVERNOR TORQUE TESTING AND SPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTINGDEVICE Filed Oct. 1, 1936 10 Sheets-Sheet 1o I INVENTOR.

, v moat 4%. 9. 9 BY %ows (l. flfi r lfiegr ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 5, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMBINED GOVERNORTORQUE TESTING AND SPRING CALIBRATING AND TESTING DEVICE poration ofIllinois Application October 1, 1936, Serial No. 103,518 13 Claims. (01.265-1 Our invention relates to improvements in torque testing and springcalibrating and testing devices and the like, and more particularly toan improved device containing the combined mechamsm.

vices of the type described capable of testing the torque of aautomotive engine by the use of called governors, have come into wideand popular use, particularly upon automobile and truck engines andstationary engines of a great many difierent types, for the purpose ofcontrolling the speed or R. P. M. of the engine under any given load.These governors are of a type which have a valve to definitely limit theamount of gas flow from the carburetor to the intake manifold of theengine in accordance with a designated speed setting. The governor iscapable of thus definitely controlling the speed or R. P. M. of theengine throughout the range of operation; that is, from a no-loadcondition to a'maximum power output condition.

The governors of which we speak are of two well known types. One type isprovided with compression spring and cam means for controlling the valveand is so arranged that by the combined action of the spring acting uponthe cam, a resistance curve is produced which generally follows thetorque curve of the engine which is governs. Governors of this type areshown in the patents to Handy et al., No. 1,584,933, Moyers et al., No.1,733,424, Knaus et al., No. 1,670,365, and others.

The other type of governor and the type to which this invention isparticularly adapted, as will be hereinafter explained, is thecantilever spring type of governor having its leaves so ar-' ranged sothat more or fewer spring leaves come into operation as the speed of theengine which it governs is retarded or increased. A governor of thistype is shown in the United States patent to Hoof, No. 1,999,758. Inmanufacturing governors of the above mentioned type, it is necessary tobuild agovernor according to the torque curve of the engine upon whichit is to be used. Accordingly, one of the first steps in theconstruction of a governor in this manner is to determine the torquecurve of the particular engine which it is desired to govern. After thishas been done, it is Our invention relates more particularly to deforcontrolling the governor valve into a unitary resistance unit in suchmanner that the resistance offered by the spring unit throughout therange of the torque curve will substantially equal the same.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide improvedmeans for easily and quickly determining and plotting the torque curveof an automotive engine from a knowledge of the characteristics of theengine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of this typethat is accurate in operation and one which can be operated to permitthe plotting of the torque curve of an automotive engine by a personnotpossessed of a great degree of engineering skill.

A further object of the invention is'to provide a device of this typewhich may be utilized in conection with a dynamometer to lot the torquecurve of any engine after its characteristics, such as size of bore andlength of stroke, number of pistons, horse power output and R. P. M. are

known.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a device of thetype described that is easily and simply constructed and one that willnot easily become broken or out of order.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a spring testingand calibrating device A further object of the present invention is toprovide a combined torque testing and spring calibrating device in sucha manner that the same instrument may be alternately used for plottingtorque curves and testing and calibrating spring members to meet saidcurves.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a combinedmechanism of the type described that is easily and quickly adapted to bechanged from a torque testing to a spring testing and calibratingmechanism.

Other objects and advantages reside in particular features in theconstruction and assembly of the parts thereof, all of which will be'more apparent from the following description wherein of drawings, uponwhich Fig. 1 is a graph illustrating a torque curve]. and a springresistance curve that has been?" plotted from a governor spring built upto meet said torque curve;

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating gen 5 erally the manner inwhich the improved torque tester operates;

Fig.-;.,3 is a side elevational view of our improved torque tester shownconnected with a governor valvemounted between the carburetor and theintakemanifold of a gasoline engine and in a position to test the torqueof the engine as shown by the suction in the intake manifold;

Fig. 4 is a side view of the device with the governor valve shaft andfastening bolts in section and is taken generally on the line 3-4 ofFig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken generally on the line 5-5 ofFig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a plan sectional view taken generallyon the line 6--B of Fig.3;

Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the carburetor passageway in section;

Fig. 8 is a side elevational view of, a spring calibrating and testingunit;

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view thereof taken generally on the line9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a plan sectional view thereof taken generally on the linelU-ID of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the pointer member andassociated parts taken generally on line I l--I I of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a side elevational view of a combined mechanism for making atorque test and for testing and calibrating a spring to meet a torquecurve, the mechanism in this view being mounted on a base and set up fortesting and calibrating a spring assembly;

Fig. 13 is a plan view thereof with a governor housing of the typementioned mounted in position to test the spring resistance unittherein;

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 13taken generally on the line l4-l4 of Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is a plan sectional view taken generally on theline l5l5 of Fig.14;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary sectional view showing one of the indicators orpointers and is taken generally on the line Iii-l6 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a plan sectional view taken generally on the line'l'l-l'l ofFig. 14;

Fig. 18 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view showing one of thepointer members and associated parts taken generally on the line l8l8 ofFig. 17, and

Fig. 19 is a plan sectional view taken generally on the lines |9--|9 ofFig. 14.

By way of general explanation, the purpose and method of making a torquetest of a governor valve for a specified engine will first be brieflyundertaken. It has been previously stated that the torque test must bemade so that the torque curve of the motor upon which the governor is tobe mounted can be determined. Accordingly, a torque test is made with agovernor on the engine it is ntended for, in order to determine itstorque characteristics. It may be explained that the governor valvesordinarily operate through a range of approximately 55 degrees from anopen to a completely closed position, or to a valve position wheremaximum power is developed at the partcular speed, at which it isdesired to govern. In order to determine the actual torque or pull onthe governor valve throughout its range of travel from its closedposition to its wide open position, or from the no-load governing speedto the full load governing speed, it is necessary to measure the torqueof the engne sothat a spring can be built up to exactly duplicate thistorque. The engine speed is held at a constant B. 'P. M. during thistest for reasons which will be apparent hereinafter. It may be explainedat this time that while the true torque of an engine is that which isdelivered by the crank shaft thereof, there is a direct relation betweenthe crank shaft torque and the suction on the intake manifold.Therefore, for our purpose the torque as measured by the suction in theintake manifold is satisfactory for building a torque curve which agovernor must duplicate.

It is usual in making these torque tests to install a governor such asthe unit 20 between the carburetor 22 and the intake manifold 24 of agasoline engine that has been mounted upon a dynamometer. The generalpurpose and use of a dynamometer is believed to be well known and forthis purpose it will be considered suflicient characteristics such asthe R. P. M., horse power,

etc. are known, is fastened to the torque testing mechanism by suitableconnections so that the governor and the testing mechanism can bemounted between the carburetor and the intake manifold of the engine.After thoroughly warming the engine with a wide open throttle, thegovernor valve is set so that the engine will attain the speed at whichgoverning is required. Referring generally to Fig. 2, the governor valve26 is thus subject to the vacuum created in the intake manifold by theengine and there is a tendency to draw the valve to a closed position.This force is transmitted through the governor shaft 28 and arm 30 to anaxially aligned shaft 32 that is connected to a housing 34, in which theinner end 36 of a calibrated spring 38 is fastened. The outer end ofthis spring is secured by a pin 40 to the inner wall of a calibrateddrum 42. An adjustable stop member 44 has a pointer 46 which overliesthe pound scale 48 on the periphery of the drum 42. Thus with thegovernor valve set in a desired position such as with an opening of 5degrees as shown at 50 .on the graph in Fig. 1, the calibrated drumcontaining the pound scale markings is turned counterclockwise until thestop member 52 fastened to the housing 34 snaps away from the setposition of the torque testing adjustable stop 44. The turning of thedrum as indicated will reveal at the pointer 46 the number of pounds ofpressure required to move the governor valve at an opening of 5 degreeswhich means that at the specified speed of the engine as'shown on thegraph, approximately I 0 pounds of pressure are required. The adjustablestop 44 may now be moved a desired number of degrees as shown upon theprotractor scale 54. This movement is transmitted to stop member 52fastened to the housing 34 and the housing 34 and shaft 32 connectedthereto are moved accordingly. Due to an interconnection, the valve 26is opened the same number of degrees. This,-

due to the increased fuel supplied to the engine, immediately increasesthe R. P. M. of the same, which, however, is immediately compensated forby increasing the dynamometer load and brings the same down to the speedof the governing test. A similar reading is now taken on the pound scalemark'ng by turning the calibrated drum 42 until the stop 52 leaves theadjustable graph, a reading is thus taken at 10 degrees opening of thevalve and shows a torque of almost 8 pounds. This process is repeated atintervals of 5 degrees or less if desired, until the entire range ofvalve opening has been covered. Thus, at 5 degree readings, the pointsP- having all been'marked upon the graph, a torque curve C will now beobtained by connecting the previously plotted points.

Referring now in more detail to the construction of our improved device,the mechanism may include a bridge casting 60 formed with a pair offorward surfaces 62 upon which the back wall 63 of a governor housingmay be mounted, secured in place by suitable cap screws 84. The governorvalve shaft 28 may extend through the back wall 63 of the governor andcarry the arm 30 which has a rotatable roller 3| secured to its outerend. The bracket 65 is adapted to be secured to the outer end of a shaft32 aligned with the. governor shaft 28. It may carry at its forward enda fork portion 61 adapted to embrace the roller 3| on the end of arm 30..The shaft 32 may extend through a collar 150 and be suitably mountedtherein upon the ball bearing journals 69, being held in position byplate members I0 secured to sides of the collar 68. A portion 32a of theshaft may be securely fastened in a collar 10a that is positioned in thedrum 42 and to which the inner end 36 of the spring 38 is fas a platebracket member I1. Both the bracket and the frame are positioned betweenperipheral flanges I8 on the collar to prevent sidewise movement. Theprotractor frame I5 may carry upon its edge a protractor scale 54. Thusin the embodiment illustrated, a protractor scale from 0 to 180 degreeshas been provided.

The collar 68 beyond its outer flange I8 is formed with a shoulderportion 82 upon which the frame 83 of the adjustable step member 44 issecured. The adjustable stop member 44 thus rotatably mounted upon theshoulder 82 carries a segmental gear 84. A worm 85 at the end of anadjusting member 86 is adapted to mesh with said segmental gear and uponrotation of the handle 86 the adjustable stop member and the pointer 46carried thereby may be moved a desired number of degrees as measuredupon the scale 54 of the protractor member. The worm 85 and adjustingmember 86 are journalled in a bearing 86a that is secured to theunderside of the protractor frame IS.

The collar Illa is formed with a reduced shoulder 85a upon which a covermember 8611 is mounted and secured in position by a plurality of setscrews 87.

The pound scale 48 is on a ring member mounted upon a reduced shoulder90 on the drum 42 with its lower end resting on the ledge 9| thereof.Means for holding the scale 48 in a desired position on the drum 42comprise the bolt members 92 that are formed with hook portions 93 toengage in a groove 94 in the inner face of the scale 48. These boltmembers may be rigidly H 2,189,519 stop 44. At the desired speed .asshown on the over the central portion of the base and carry a held inthis position by suitable nut members mounted in openings 98 in theouter face of the housing II.

Means for turning the calibrated drum 42 are connected therewith andcomprise the ring gear 5 91 secured to a peripheral ledge 00 on theouter side of drum 42, being fastened thereto by suitable screw members90.

A worm IOI meshes with the ring gear 01 is carried by a shaft I02 in abracket I03 that is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the protractorframe 15, being secured thereto by a bolt membcr I05. The outer end ofshaft I02 carries a knurled knob I06 so that the worm may be manipulatedby hand,

The spring member 38 having been calibrated as previously described, andthe pounds pressure of the same being indicated upon the drum 42, itwill be apparent that when torque of a definite pressure is acting uponthe shaft 32a sufficient to overcome the pressure upon the spring whichhas previously been placed thereon that at this point the stop member 52mounted on the cover member 8617 will snap away from the'said positionof the torque testing adjustable stop 44. An-adjustable guard I08 in theform of a hook prevents more than a short definite travel for stopmember 52. The guard is rigidly secured to the adjustable stop 44.In'this manner it will be apparent that a torque curve canbe securedfrom any desired engine specification at any desired speed.

In view of the fact that the torque curve has been prepared for thedefinite purpose of testing and calibrating a cantilever spring thatwill meet this curve, it is next necessary to build .up a springaccording to the torque curve which has been produced.

In'Figs. 8 to 11, inclusive, we have illustrated a mechanism for testingand calibrating a spring to meet the torque curve which has beenprepared. This mechanism may include a basernember IIO which has a gooseneck portion I I2 secured .thereto at one side by screw members H4. Thegoose neck may extend upwardly. and arch inwardly horizontal governorhousing support member I I6. Since most of the parts herein are similarto those previously described, we have referred to and numbered them thesame as in the torque testing mechanism, adding a suflix where the partis slightly modified. A governor 20 of the type shown in the patent toHoof, No, 1,999,858. may be mounted u on the support member IIG, beinsecured to a collar I I8 by suitable screw members I". The collar is inturn secured to the support member I I6 by the screw members I20. Thegovernor 20 of the type described includes a mounting for a plur lity ofspring leaves I2I and a governor shaft I22, the shaft I22 having an armI23 thereon. The arm I23 carries a roller I24 that contacts the end ofthe first leaf of the spring unit The governor shaft I22 may extenddownwardly through the member I I6, being supported therein by suitableball bearing members I 26. The governor'valve 26 is adapted to bemounted on the shaft. The lower end of the shaft may be supported in asuitab e ball bearing journal I28 that is provided in a socket I 29 inthe upper end of a hollow post member I30. The post member can 70 riesat its upper end a calibrated drum support 4217. A calibrated springpound scale 48 is provided upon a ring member I40 which is mounted in ashallow circular pocket I42 in the upper end of the drum 42b. Screwmembers I44 are adapted 75 4 A to hold the same in any fixed positionwith relation to the drum.

The 42b is capable of manual manipulation to revolve the same to anydesired position. After it has been turned to a desired position,however, it may be securely held in place by means of the split bearingportion I48 which carries a screw-threaded bolt I48 and a hand knob I50for tightening or loosening the hollow post member I30.

The governor shaft I22, similar to the shaft 32 in the torque testingdevice previously described is adapted to be connected to a similarhousing 34, in which the inner end of the calibrated spring 38 isfastened. The outer end of the spring is secured in a similar manner tothe inner wall of the calibrated drum 42b.

The housing 34 may carry a cover member 86b similar to that shown in thetorque testing mechanism which may have secured upon its surfaceadjacent its periphery a pointer member 46 mountedin a suitable bracketI52. The pointer is adapted to overlie the member 54a upon which aprotractor scale 54 is provided. This member may be fixedly supported bya bracket I54 secured a to the under side of support member H6.

The operation of this mechanism for the purpose ofbuilding up a springunit I2I according to the torque curve shown in Fig. 1 will now bedescribed. With the governor valve 26 in a position coinciding with theposition of pointer 46 on the protractor dial at a 55 degree position, asingle leaf spring is positioned in its support in the governor housing,contacting the roller I24. By revolving calibrated drum 42b and buildingup pressure on spring 38 in the manner previously describedin-connection with plotting the torque curve, resistance to thismovement is encountered against the individual leaf of the spring unitI2I.

However, when sufficient pressure has been built up in the calibratedspring 38 to overcome the resistance effort of the individual leafspring, the plate 86b and pointer 46 will start moving with thecalibrated drum 48. In this manner it can be seen that at 50 degreesopening of the valve, approximately of a pound resistance is met in theleaf spring and as this compares with the reading of the graph which hasbeen made, it is evident that the first leaf spring is satisfactory. Ifit is not, a stronger or lighter leaf spring is tried, until asatisfactory spring has been found for that particular setting. In asimilar manner additional springs are added to build up a resistance tomeet any of the other points P on the graph so that when the completespring is built up it will offer the exact resistance to the effort ofthe calibrated spring that is shown on the graph in Fig. 1.

In Figs.'12 to 19 inclusive, we have illustrated a combined mechanismfor making a torque test and for testing and calibrating a spring tomeet the torque curve. This mechanism may include the base member III),goose neck portion II! and other parts shown in Figs. 8 and 9.

The governor shaft 28 carries at its lower end the am 30 and roller 3|in a manner similar to the. construction shown in Figs. 2 to 7. Theshaft 32 is likewise mounted in suitable bearings 69 and extends throughthe complete mechanism in the manner similar to that shown in thepreviously described drawings. However, the collar 68 in this form ofthe invention is adapted to be supported from the horizontal governorhousing support member 6. As shown in Figs. 12 and arcane 18, the memberI has a pair 01' upper surfaces 62 which bear against the lower' side "aof the support member Ill and are securely held in position to supportthe entire mechanism in a horizontal plane by a pair of bolt members "b.As thus supported in a horizontal position, the mechanism may beidentical with that shown in Figs. 2 to 7 with the exception of the drum4! which in this construction is shown with a pound scale 48a. on a 45degree angle and the protractor scale 54a upon the member I! at a 45degree angle. The purpose of this modification is to provide a moreconvenient positioning of the scales for working with the mechanism in ahorizontal position.

In using the device shown in Figs. 12 and 13 as a spring tester, it willbe obvious that the able screw members I12. The ring member may beformed with a knurled edge "4 for easy manipulation of the drum. Asecond knurled portion I16 may be provided at a point below the poundscale for convenience in use.

From the foregoing description it isbelieved to be clearthat a mechanismhas been provided by the use of which an accurate governor torque curvecan be plotted for any type .of industrial or automotive engine at anydesired R. P. M.. It will thus be apparent that with the mechanism asshown in Fig. 3 the device is used to testthe torque of an engine andwith the addition of the base, goose-neck I I2 and the other parts asshown in Figs. .12 and 13, the mechanism is operable as a spring tester.

It will further be obvious that by the use of the same mechanism bywhich the torque curve a has been plotted a resistance spring can bebuilt up without any danger of error between the readings of theresistance curve and the torque curve, due to the fact that the sameinstrument has been used to plot bothcurves.

While we have illustrated and described one embodimet of our inventionand themanner in which the same calibrated spring and scales may beemployed in individual units as governor torque curve testinginstruments and as spring resistance testing and plotting instruments,it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes andmodifications may be made in the exact details shown, and we do not wishto be limited in any particular, rather what we desire to secure andprotect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Means for testing and determining the torque of an automotive engineas indicated by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold of said engine, said means includinga calibrated spring adapted to be directly acted upon by movement ofsaid valve,-a protractor member, means connected with said valve forindicating upon said protractor the degrees movement of said valve andmeans associated with said calibrated spring for indicating the poundspressure at said valve caused by the suction at different degrees ofopening settings thereof.

2. Means for testing and determining the torque of an automotive engineas indicated by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold of said engine, said means includinga calibrated spring adapted to be directly acted upon by movement ofsaid valve, a protractor member, means connected with said valve forindicating upon said protractor the degrees movement of said valve andmeans associated with said calibrated spring for indicating the poundspressure at said valve caused by the/suction at different degrees ofopening settings thereof, said last named means including a movable dialassociated with said spring.

3. Means for -testing and determining the torque of an automotive engineas indicated by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold of said engine, said means includinga calibrated spring adapted to be directly acted upon by movement ofsaid valve, a protractor member, means connected with said valve forindicating upon said protractor the degrees movement of said valve'andmeans associated with said calibrated spring for indicating the poundspressure at said valve caused by the suction at different degrees ofopening settings thereof, said last named means including a movable dialand pointer associated with said spring.

4. Apparatus for determining the torque curve of an automotive engine asindicated by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold thereof, said means including ashaft connected with said valve, a coiled calibrated spring having twoends,

'said spring having its inner end connected to said shaft, a housingenclosing said spring, calibrated drum on the exterior of said housing,said spring of said valve caused by the suction in the intake manifold.

5. Apparatus for determining the torque curve of an automotive engine asindicated by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold thereof, said means including a,shaft connected with said valve, a coiled calibrated spring having aninner and an outer end, said spring having its inner end connected tosaid shaft, a housing enclosing said spring, a calibrated drum on theexterior of said housing, said spring having its outer end connected tosaid housing, a protractor member associated with said shaft and adaptedto indicate the degrees of movement of the same, and pointer meansassociated with both said protractor member and said calibrated drum,whereby said calibrated drum and spring may indicate in connectiontherewith the torque pound pressure at any specified position of saidvalve as caused by the suction in the intake manifold.

6. Apparatus of the class described comprising a valve, a shaftextending therefrom, a second shaft interconnected with said shaft, amember secured to the end of said second shaft, a coiled calibratedspring having an inner and outerend, the inner end of said springsecured to said 'memher, a housing for said spring, the outer end ofsaid spring secured to said housing, a calibrated pound pressure dialsecured to said housing, a protractor associated with said calibratedspring, an adjustable pointer associated with said protractor and amovable pointer connected to said member to which said spring isattached, and adapted upon the movement of said valve to register thepounds pressure of the force moving said valve upon said calibrateddial.

7. Apparatus of the class described comprising a valve, a shaftextending therefrom, a second shaft interconnected with said shaft, amember secured to the end of said second shaft, a coiled calibratedspring having an inner and anouter end, the inner end of said springsecured to said member, a housing for said'spring, the outer end of saidspring secured to said housing, a calling a supporting frame adapted tohave a govbrated pound pressure dial secured to saidhousing about theoutside of said circular ledge, a. protractor, an adjustable pointerassociated with said protractor overlying said circular ledge and amovable pointer connected to said member to which said spring isattached overlying the dial and adapted upon the movement-of said.

aligned shafts to register the pounds pressure of the force movingagainst saidspring at different positions of said governor spring.

9. Apparatus of the class described comprising a supporting frameadapted to have a governor spring to be tested mounted at the upper endthereof in testing position, a shaft extending vertically through saidframe, an arm extending from said shaft engaging said spring, a secondshaft interconnected with said shaft, a member secured to the end ofsaid second shaft, a coiled calibrated spring having an inner and anouter end, the inner end of said spring secured to said member, acircular housing for said spring having an upright circular ledgetherein, the outer end of said spring s'ecured to said housing withinsaid ledge, a calibrated pound pressure dial secured to said housingabout the outside of said circular ledge, a protractor, an adjustablepointer associated with said protractor overlying said circular ledge, amovable pointer connected to said member to which said spring isattached overlying the dial and adapted upon the movement of saidaligned shafts to register the pounds pressure of the force movingagainst said first mentioned spring at different positions of saidspring, and worm and worm wheel means for micrometer adjustment of saidadjustable pointer.

10. Apparatus of the class described comprising a supporting frameadapted to have a governor spring to be tested mounted at the upper endthereof in testingposition, a shaft engaging said spring and extendingvertically through said frame, a second shaft interconnected with saidshaft, a coiled calibrated spring having an inner and an outer end, theinner end of said spring secured to said second shaft, a circularhousing for said spring having an upright circular'leiige therein, theouter end of said spring secured to said housing within said ledge, acalibrated pound pressure dial secured to said housing about the outsaidof said circular ledge, a protractor, an adjustablepointer associated Iwith said protractor overlying said circular ledge and. a movablepointer connected to said member to which said spring is attachedoverlying the dial and adapted upon the movement of said aligned shaftsto register the pounds pressure of the force moving against said firstmentioned spring at different positions of said spring.

11. Apparatus for determining the torque curve of an automotive engineas shown by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valve toindicate thedegrees of movement of the same,

and" pointer means associated with both said protractor member and saidcalibrated drum.

12. Apparatus for determining the torque curve of an automotive engineas shown by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold thereof and for determining andcalibrating the strength of a resistance spring unit including a coiledcalibrated spring having an inner and an outer end, a shaft connected toits inner end, a calibrated drum connected to its outer end, aprotractor member associated with said shaft and adapted to indicate thedegrees of movement of the same and a' movable and a fixed pointer meansassociated with said protractor member and said calibrated drum.

13. Mechanism for determining the torque curve of an automotive engineas shown by the suction in the intake manifold by the use of a valveassociated with the intake manifold thereof and for determining andcalibrating the strength of a resistance spring, said mechanismincluding a coiled spring member of know characteristics having an innerand an outer end, a shaft connected to its inner end, a calibrated drumconnected to its outer end, a protractor member associated with saidshaft and adapted to indicate the degree of movement of the same, and

means associated with both said protractor member and said calibrateddrum for indicating upon said drum the pounds of pressure upon saidspring at any determined degree of movement.

' ROBERT .G. HANDY.

CLAYTON B. SEYMOUR. ALFONS A. ALTENBERG.

